Njirimara nke oge mmiri ozuzo Plum na mkpa nlekota mmiri ozuzo
Mmiri mmiri ozuzo (Meiyu) bụ ihe pụrụ iche nke mmiri ozuzo na-etolite n'oge mgbago ugwu nke udu mmiri n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Eshia, na-emetụta isi mmiri mmiri Yangtze nke China, Island Honshu Island, na South Korea. Dị ka ọkọlọtọ mba China si kwuo "Meiyu Monitoring Indicators" (GB/T 33671-2017), enwere ike kewaa mpaghara mmiri ozuzo China na mpaghara atọ: Jiangnan (I), Middle-Lower Yangtze (II), na Jianghuai (III), nke ọ bụla nwere ụbọchị mmalite dị iche iche - mpaghara Jiangnan na-abanye na Meiyu na mbụ na June 9 na Middleze na nkezi nke June 9 na nkezi nke June 9. Jianghuai na June 23. Nke a spatiotemporal mgbanwe na-emepụta ọchịchọ maka nnukwu, nlekota mmiri ozuzo na-aga n'ihu, na-enye ohere ngwa ngwa maka nlele mmiri ozuzo.
Oge mmiri ozuzo plum 2025 gosipụtara usoro mmalite mmalite - mpaghara Jiangnan na Middle-Lower Yangtze banyere Meiyu na June 7 (ụbọchị 2-7 tupu oge eruo), ebe mpaghara Jianghuai malitere na June 19 (ụbọchị 4 n'isi). Ndị bịarutere n'oge mere ka ọ dị ngwa igbochi ide mmiri. Njirimara mmiri ozuzo Plum nwere ogologo oge, oke ike na mkpuchi sara mbara - dịka ọmụmaatụ, mmiri ozuzo nke Middle-Lower Yangtze nke afọ 2024 gafere nkezi akụkọ ihe mere eme site na 50%, ebe ụfọdụ mpaghara na-enwe "Meiyu ime ihe ike" na-akpata oke idei mmiri. N'okwu a, nleba anya nke ọma maka mmiri ozuzo na-aghọ isi nkuku nke ime mkpebi ịchịkwa ide mmiri.
Nleba anya n'akwụkwọ ntuziaka mmiri ozuzo nwere oke dị oke: nha nha dị ala (ọ na-abụkarị 1-2 ugboro kwa ụbọchị), nnyefe data ngwa ngwa, na enweghị ike ijide oke mmiri ozuzo dị mkpụmkpụ. Igwe mmiri ozuzo na-akpaghị aka nke oge a na-eji bọket ma ọ bụ ụkpụrụ nha na-eme ka nleba anya nkeji nkeji ma ọ bụ nke abụọ na nke abụọ, na nnyefe data ozugbo ikuku na-emeziwanye oge na izi ezi. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, usoro nlele mmiri ozuzo na ịwụ mmiri dị na Yongkang's Sanduxi Reservoir dị na Zhejiang na-ebugote data ozugbo na nyiwe mmiri mmiri na mpaghara, na-enweta nlekota mmiri ozuzo "dị mma na nke ọma".
Isi ihe ịma aka ọrụ aka gụnyere: idowe izi ezi n'oge oke mmiri ozuzo (dịka ọmụmaatụ, 660mm n'ime ụbọchị 3 na Hubei's Taiping Town na 2025-1/3 nke oke mmiri ozuzo kwa afọ); ntụkwasị obi akụrụngwa na gburugburu iru mmiri; na ntinye ọdụ ọdụ ndị nnọchi anya na mbara ala dị mgbagwoju anya. Igwe mmiri ozuzo nke oge a na-eji ihe anaghị agba nchara, igwe anaghị agba nchara, redundancy nke ịwụ bọket, na ike anyanwụ. Netwọk nwere nnukwu nkwado IoT dị ka sistemụ “Digital Levee” nke Zhejiang na-emelite data mmiri ozuzo kwa nkeji 5 site na ọdụ iri na otu.
N'ụzọ doro anya, mgbanwe ihu igwe na-abawanye oke oke Meiyu - mmiri ozuzo Meiyu nke 2020 dị 120% karịa nkezi (kachasị elu kemgbe 1961), na-achọ nlele mmiri ozuzo nwere oke nha sara mbara, nguzogide mmetụta, yana nnyefe a pụrụ ịdabere na ya. Meiyu data na-akwadokwa nyocha ihu igwe, na-agwa atụmatụ mgbanwe ogologo oge.
Ngwa ọhụrụ na China
China ewepụtala sistemu nlekota mmiri ozuzo zuru oke site na nlebanya akwụkwọ ntuziaka ọdịnala ruo na ngwọta IoT smart, yana nlele mmiri ozuzo na-agbanwe n'ọnụ ọnụ nke netwọk mmiri nwere ọgụgụ isi.
Netwọk njikwa ide mmiri dijitalụ
Usoro “Digital Levee” nke mpaghara Xiuzhou na-egosipụta ngwa ọgbara ọhụrụ. Ijikọ nlele mmiri ozuzo na ihe mmetụta mmiri mmiri ndị ọzọ, ọ na-ebugo data kwa nkeji 5 ọ bụla n'elu ikpo okwu njikwa. Jiang Jianming, osote onye isi ụlọ ọrụ ugbo nke Wangdian Town kwuru, "N'oge gara aga, anyị na-eji aka tụọ mmiri ozuzo site na iji cylinders gụsịrị akwụkwọ - adịghị arụ ọrụ ma dị ize ndụ n'abalị. Nke a na-enye ndị ọrụ ohere ilekwasị anya na usoro ndị na-arụsi ọrụ ike dị ka nyocha dike, na-eme ka arụmọrụ nzaghachi ide mmiri dịkwuo elu karịa 50%.
Na Tongxiang City, usoro "Smart Waterlogging Control" na-ejikọta data sitere na ụlọ ọrụ telemetry 34 na amụma ọkwa mmiri nke awa 72 kwadoro AI. N'ime oge Meiyu nke 2024, o wepụtara akụkọ banyere mmiri ozuzo 23, ịdọ aka ná ntị idei mmiri 5, yana ọkwa 2 kacha elu, na-egosipụta ọrụ dị mkpa nke hydrology dị ka "anya na ntị" nke nchịkwa ide mmiri. Data nlele mmiri ozuzo nkeji nkeji na-emeju nyocha radar/satellite, na-etolite usoro nleba anya ọtụtụ akụkụ.
Ngwa nchekwa mmiri na ọrụ ugbo
Na njikwa akụrụngwa mmiri, ebe nchekwa mmiri Sanduxi nke Yongkang na-eji nlele akpaaka na alaka ọwa mmiri 8 n'akụkụ nha ntuziaka iji kwalite ogbugba mmiri n'ubi. "Ijikọta ụzọ na-eme ka a mata oke mmiri dị mma ma na-emezi nleba anya akpaaka," onye njikwa Lou Qinghua kọwara. Data nke mmiri ozuzo na-akọwa kpọmkwem nhazi oge ịgba mmiri na nkesa mmiri.
N'ime mmalite Meiyu nke 2025, Hubei's Water Sciences Institute were usoro ịkọ amụma ide mmiri n'ezie na-ejikọta amụma ihu igwe elekere 24/72 yana data nchekwa mmiri. Na-akpalite simulations 26 oké ifufe na ịkwado nzukọ mberede 5, ntụkwasị obi nke sistemụ na-adabere na nha nha mmiri ozuzo ziri ezi.
Ọganihu teknụzụ
Igwe mmiri ozuzo nke oge a na-agụnye ọtụtụ ihe ọhụrụ ọhụrụ:
- Ntụkọ ngwakọ: Ijikọta bọket na ụkpụrụ atụ iji kwado izi ezi n'ofe oke (0.1-300mm/h), na-ekwu maka oke mmiri ozuzo nke Meiyu.
- Atụmatụ ihicha onwe: Ihe mmetụta ultrasonic na mkpuchi hydrophobic na-egbochi mkpọkọta irighiri ihe-dị oke mkpa n'oge oke mmiri ozuzo Meiyu. Igwe ọkụ Oki Electric nke Japan na-akọ mbelata mmezi 90% site na sistemụ ndị dị otú ahụ.
- Edge Computing: Nhazi data n'ime ngwaọrụ na-enyocha mkpọtụ ma na-achọpụta ihe omume dị oke egwu na mpaghara, na-ahụ na a pụrụ ịdabere na ya ọbụlagodi na ọgba aghara netwọkụ.
- Multi-Parameter Integration: Ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri ndị mejupụtara South Korea na-atụ oke mmiri ozuzo n'akụkụ iru mmiri/okpomọkụ, na-eme ka amụma ọdịda ala Meiyu ga-emetụta.
Ihe ịma aka na ntụzịaka ga-eme n'ọdịnihu
N'agbanyeghị ọganihu, njedebe na-adịgide:
- Ọnọdụ jọgburu onwe ya: “Meiyu na-eme ihe ike” nke 2024 dị na Anhui karịrị ike 300mm / h.
- Ngwakọta data: Sistemu dị iche iche na-egbochi ịkọ amụma idei mmiri mpaghara
- Mkpuchi ime obodo: Ebe ugwu ndị dịpụrụ adịpụ enweghị ebe nleba anya zuru oke
Ngwọta na-apụta gụnyere:
- Gauges Mobile-Deployed Drone: MWR nke China nwalere ihe nlele UAV maka mbugharị ngwa ngwa n'oge idei mmiri 2025
- Nyochaa Blockchain: Ọrụ pilot na Zhejiang na-ahụ maka enweghị ike data maka mkpebi dị oke mkpa
- Amụma AI-Powered: Ihe atụ ọhụrụ nke Shanghai na-ebelata mkpu ụgha site na 40% site na mmụta igwe.
Site na mgbanwe ihu igwe na-abawanye mgbanwe nke Meiyu, nlele ọgbọ na-esote ga-achọ:
- Enwekwukwa ike (IP68 waterproofing, -30°C ~ 70°C ọrụ)
- Ogologo nha obosara (0 ~ 500mm / h)
- Njikọ siri ike na netwọk IoT/5G
Dị ka Director Jiang na-ekwu, sị: "Ihe malitere dị ka obere mmiri ozuzo dị mfe abụrụla ntọala maka ọchịchị mmiri nwere ọgụgụ isi." Site na njikwa idei mmiri ruo nyocha ihu igwe, nlele mmiri ozuzo na-anọgide na-adị mkpa maka nkwụghachi azụ na mpaghara mmiri ozuzo.
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Oge nzipu: Jun-25-2025